Monumentality in Microcosm

1) The City as Garden
2) Geo-Spatial Development
3) Substance & Materiality
4) Programs & Possibilities
5) Approach, Methods & Bibliography

| ETOILLE or RONDPOINT |
| PATTE D'OIE or CROW'S FOOT |
| END-POINTS |
| SQUARES-to-TRIANGLES |
| RE-ENGINEERED GEOMETRIES |
| "COMMUNICATING" TRIANGLES |

| ETOILLE or RONDPOINT |

The Etoille ('star') or Rondpoint is perhaps the most iconic spatial typology of a Baroque city plan, and was applied throughout Beaux-Arts (European) and City Beautiful (American) urban planning. Washington, D.C. boasts over half a dozen circles in every quadrant of the city.

Thomas Circle, NW (Robin Abad Ocubillo 2012)

Dupont Circle, NW (Boucher, 1992)

Scott Circle, NW (Ocubillo 2012)

Scott Circle, NW (Boucher 1992)